Since mid-July, Fisheries and Oceans Canada has reported that approximately one million chum salmon have migrated into the Yukon River from the Bering Sea. Despite this surge, experts caution that the rise in numbers may not indicate a positive trend for this salmon species.
In 2020, a significant decline in chum salmon numbers was documented by researchers, raising concerns. Sebastian Jones, a wildlife analyst at the Yukon Conservation Society, expressed unease over the lack of clarity regarding the fluctuations in salmon populations. The presence of Canadian-origin salmon among the returning fish is currently at around 12%, lower than the usual 20-30% range.
Jones acknowledged that while the current figures show improvement compared to recent years, there is still room for growth. In the previous year, around 25,000 chum salmon crossed into Canada, with hopes for 100,000 fish to make the journey this year. However, Jones emphasized that the ideal numbers would range between 150,000 and 250,000 chum salmon entering the Yukon.
Stephanie Peacock, a scientist at the Pacific Salmon Foundation, highlighted the significance of chum salmon as one of the two salmon species returning to the Canadian side of the Yukon River, alongside chinook salmon. She noted the delayed migration of chum salmon compared to chinook and their crucial role in providing nutrients later in the fall.
Both species have experienced declines over time, with chinook salmon showing a gradual decrease since the 1990s and chum salmon facing a more rapid decline in recent years. Researchers are investigating the Bering Sea, where the Yukon River meets the ocean, as the starting point for these salmon’s upstream journey. Changes in this enclosed ecosystem, such as rising water temperatures and increased industrial fishing activities, are factors that impact the salmon population.
Peacock stressed the importance of optimism while acknowledging the ongoing challenges faced by Yukon chum salmon. It is crucial to consider the long-term decline and the need for continued vigilance in monitoring and protecting these vital salmon populations.
